Term,Definition,Short
Analogue,"Analogue distinctions have discrete variations, as in an analogue watch. This is as opposed to Digital. You can notice time pass with analogue (as in the hands of a watch ticking), in digital you just see result, but not the passage it went through to get there.



Here is a technical definition:



An analog or analogue signal is any variable signal continuous in both time and amplitude. It differs from a digital signal in that small fluctuations in the signal are meaningful. Analog is usually thought of in an electrical context, however mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, and other systems may also convey analog signals.



An analog signal uses some property of the medium to convey the signal's information. For example, an aneroid barometer uses rotary position as the signal to convey pressure information. Electrically, the property most commonly used is voltage followed closely by frequency, current, and charge.



Any information may be conveyed by an analog signal, often such a signal is a measured response to changes in physical phenomena, such as sound, light, temperature, position, or pressure, and is achieved using a transducer.



For example, in an analog sound recording, the variation in pressure of a sound striking a microphone creates a corresponding variation in the voltage amplitude of a current passing through it. An increase in the volume of the sound causes the fluctuation of the current's voltage amplitude to increase while keeping the same rhythm.



Since most natural data is analog before the digital conversion required to get a digital signal, resolution of analog recording and transmitting technology has been higher until recent times. For practical reasons such as memory conservation and the cost of phasing out older digital recordings, the resolution of some digital signals may remain lower than most analog signals. For this reason, some audiophiles prefer analog technology. However, in many cases, the difference is too minimal to be noticed.","Analogue distinctions have discrete variations, as in an analogue watch. This is as opposed to Digital. You can notice time pass with analogue (as in the hands of a watch ticking), in digital you just see result, but not the passage it went through to get there."
Analogue Marking,"Using a verbal or non-verbal cue to mark out words in a sentence, or mark out space.",
Anchoring,"You may remember the story of Pavlov and the poor dogs to the ringing of a bell, (apparently a tuning fork, but bell is what is told),then after a while, whenever the bell rang the dog would automatically begin to salivate. A true classic of psychology, yet taught usually in a very limited scope as classic conditioning. However, until now you might not have considered the “classical conditioning” we have done to ourselves.

In Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP) classical conditioning is usually referred to as anchoring. Think about the anchors in your life: alarm clocks, picture of your friends and loved ones; that look from your mother, etc. There are many examples of anchors we have in our lives, yet we still don’t use this powerful techniques in our favour. Imagine the following scene: Man comes home from work, in a very bad mood, and the woman, as a response rushes to hug him. If she does that often enough, he will get the same bad feelings just from hugging her. Although this might not be her intention, it just happens.

So, how exactly does anchoring work? So, someone goes has an intense experience (positive or negative), and at the peak of that experience a specific stimulus is applied. This forms a neurological link between the emotional state and the stimulus. Voilà, an anchor is born. Now, every time the stimulus is applied, the emotional response will be triggered.

Anchors can come in all shapes and sizes. They can be visual, verbal, gustatory, olfactory, or kinaesthetically. Ever heard a song that took you back in time to some memory, or smelt something that reminded you of that time you….all these are anchors. And now that you know how anchoring works, let’s look at how to produce one consciously.

In NLP there are several criteria that determine the strength of an anchor. The first one is the intensity of the state the person is experiencing. The more powerful the state, the more likely the anchor is to work later on. Next is the timing of the anchor. It will only work if applied before and until the height of the emotions.

If applied afterwards, it won’t be as strong, but also might not work. The stimulus applied should also be a unique one, which is easily identifiably and reproducible. The final points are the replication of the stimulus (the anchor should be reinforced at times to keep it fresh) and also the number of times the anchoring has been done.

Sometimes once already is enough, sometimes you have to do it more often. In case this seems less than easy to remember, the mnemonic I TURN, coined by Tad James, will help (intensity, timing, uniqueness, reproducibility, and number of times). and",
As-If Frame,"This is ""acting as if"" something were true, such as pretending that you are competent at something that you are not.",
Associated,"Associated in NLP terms is the relationship you have with the memory of an experience. As if seen through your own eyes.

To understand associated we have to understand Critical Submodalities are the submodalities that make a difference in the meaning of an experience. Some of the Submodalities are more critical than others in defining our experiences. 

Location, association/dissociation, and size, for example, critically affect the differences in the meaning we attribute to two experiences. A Driver is a submodality that is so critical that it carries all the other submodality differences when we change it.

One of the critical visual submodalities is Associated / Dissociated. When we look through our own eyes, we are Associated.",
Auditory,"In NLP Auditory is the Representational System dealing with hearing. It can be internal or external. Also known as Auditory Tonal (At)

There is a Representational System for each of our senses; this is the way we experience our world. What we actually perceive are representations of what each sensory organ transmits to us. Auditory (A) is to do with hearing we have (Ae) Hearing External Sounds and (Ai) Recalling of Internal Sounds.",
Auditory Digital,"In NLP Auditory Digital is the Representational System dealing with logic and the way we talk to ourselves. 

During the process of building our models of the world, language is attached to our experiences. The collection of word symbols and the rules that govern their use make up a unique and distinct, sixth representational system. 

This is called our Auditory Digital (Ad) system or how we talk to ourselves. It is not an analogue system like the other representational systems and not related to any specific sensory organ.",
Backtrack,"Backtrack in NLP is to go back and summarise, review or contemplate what was previously covered, as in a meeting.",
Behaviour,"In NLP behaviour is an external, verifiable activity we produce or engage in.",
Beliefs,In NLP a belief is a Generalisations we make about the world and our opinions about it. They form the rules about what we can and cannot do.,
Break State,A Break State in NLP is Using a movement or distraction to change an emotional state.,
Calibration,"Calibration in NLP is the ability to notice and measure changes with respect to a standard. Usually involves the comparison between two different sets of external, non-verbal cues. 

By comparing, we can notice the difference between persons, places, things, states and behaviours. Calibrating depends on refined Sensory Acuity.",
Chaining,Chaining in NLP is a sequencing of a series of states.,
Chunking,"Chunking in NLP is Changing a perception by moving a ""chunk"", or a group of bits of information, in the direction of a Deductive or Inductive conclusion through the use of language.",
Circle of Excellence,"The ""Circle of Excellence"" in is a tool using an imaginary circle on the floor as a spatial anchor to install new or additional resources relative to a situation where different behaviour or thinking is wished.",
Complex Equivalence,"A Complex Equivalence in NLP occurs when (1) you attach meaning to something specific and (2) when two statements, one behavioural and one capability, are considered to mean the same. (See Meta Model).",
Confusion to Understanding,"Confusion to Understanding in NLP is the original pattern developed by Richard Bandler using Submodalities to change the meaning of your Internal Representations and is the basis of ""Like to Dislike.""",
Congruence,"Congruence in NLP is when behaviour (words, tonality, physiology, etc.) matches the words a person says.",
Conscious,Conscious in NLP is that of which we are currently aware.,
Conscious - Unconscious Integration,Conscious - Unconscious Integration in NLP is when our thoughts and behaviours are integrated at the conscious and unconscious levels.,
Content,Content in NLP is the details of a story. The history of the client.,
Content Reframe,"Content Reframe NLP is giving another meaning to a statement by recovering more content, which changes the focus. (Also called a Meaning Reframe).",
Context,Context in NLP is the particular setting or situation in which the content occurs.,
Context Reframing,Context Reframing in NLP is giving another meaning to a statement by changing the context.,
Contrastive Analysis,Contrastive Analysis in NLP is a process of analysing two sets of Submodalities to discover the Critical Submodalities. What makes the two sets different.,
Convincer Strategy,Convincer Strategy in NLP is the filter used in becoming certain or confident that something is okay.,
Criteria,Criteria in NLP is the NLP word for values. Values are what is important to you and determine how you spend your time.,
Critical Submodality,"In Submodalities, Critical Submodalities are the difference that makes the difference.",
Deductive,In NLP Deductive is reasoning from the general to the specific. To chunk down.,
Deep Structure,"Deep Structure in NLP is the unconscious basis for the surface structure of a statement. Much of the deep structure is out of awareness. The deeper underlying root cause, or meaning of a spoken word.",
Deletion,Deletion in NLP is one of the three major processes (including Distortion and Generalisation) on which the Meta Model is based. Deletion occurs when we leave out a portion of our experience as we make our Internal Representations.,
Derivation,Derivation in NLP is obtained from the Deep Structure to create the spoken word.,
Digital,"In NLP Digital distinctions have distinct variations of meaning as in a digital watch, or an on/off switch. This is as opposed to Analogue.



Simply, digital is here or not here. There are no moving bits in between that can be measured.



If you think of how you would watch people dancing in a night club, then see what happens when you put a strobe effect across the dance floor!



In NLP terms, the digital sometimes refers to the labelling system a person may use in their brain, which has beciome disconnected to emotions or other feelings.



Here is the technical definition:



Digital signals are digital representations of discrete-time signals, which are often derived from analog signals.



An analog signal is a datum that changes over time—say, the temperature at a given location; the depth of a certain point in a pond; or the amplitude of the voltage at some node in a circuit—that can be represented as a mathematical function, with time as the free variable (abscissa) and the signal itself as the dependent variable (ordinate). A discrete-time signal is a sampled version of an analog signal: the value of the datum is noted at fixed intervals (for example, every microsecond) rather than continuously.



If individual time values of the discrete-time signal, instead of being measured precisely (which would require an infinite number of digits), are approximated to a certain precision—which, therefore, only requires a specific number of digits—then the resultant data stream is termed a digital signal. The process of approximating the precise value within a fixed number of digits, or bits, is called quantization.



In conceptual summary, a digital signal is a quantized discrete-time signal; a discrete-time signal is a sampled analog signal.



In the Digital Revolution, the usage of digital signals has increased significantly. Many modern media devices, especially the ones that connect with computers use digital signals to represent signals that were traditionally represented as continuous-time signals; cell phones, music and video players, personal video recorders, and digital cameras are examples.



In most applications, digital signals are represented as binary numbers, so their precision of quantization is measured in bits. Suppose, for example, that we wish to measure a signal to two significant decimal digits. Since seven bits, or binary digits, can record 128 discrete values (viz., from 0 to 127), those seven bits are more than sufficient to express a range of one hundred values.



In computer architecture and other digital systems, a waveform that switches between two voltage levels representing the two states of a Boolean value (0 and 1) is referred to as a digital signal, even though it is an analog voltage waveform, since it is interpreted in terms of only two levels.



The clock signal is a special digital signal that is used to synchronize digital circuits. The image shown can be considered the waveform of a clock signal. Logic changes are triggered either by the rising edge or the falling edge","In NLP terms, the digital sometimes refers to the labelling system a person may use in their brain, which has beciome disconnected to emotions or other feelings."
Dissociated,Dissociated in NLP is the relationship you have with the memory of an experience. As if seeing your whole body in the picture.,
Distortion,"Distortion in NLP is one of the three major processes (including Deletion and Generalisation) on which the Meta Model is based. Distortion occurs when something is mistaken for that which it is not, when things are incorrectly included in our Internal Representations.",
Double Binds,"Double Binds in NLP are Questions that give a client a ""free choice"" among two or more comparable alternatives. They are based on the notion of multilevel communication.",
Downtime,Downtime in NLP is having all sensory inputs focussed inward. There will therefore be no attention available for outward attention.,
Ecology,Ecology in NLP is the study of the consequences or results or impact of any change that occurs on the wider system.,
Embedded Command,"An Embedded Command in NLP a command that is inside a longer sentence marked out by voice, tone or gesture.",
Embedded Question,An Embedded Question in NLP is a question that is inside a longer sentence marked out by voice tone or gesture.,
Eye Accessing Cues,"Eye Accessing Cues in NLP Are Movements of the eyes in certain directions that indicate visual, auditory or kinaesthetic thinking.

Neuro Linguistic Programming (nlp) teaches us that people make movements with their eyes (Eye Accessing Cues) that will indicate which representational system they are using.  It is said that we all go inside and access information by eye movement, and people store information in a certain way so that they use their eyes to locate the information either visually, auditorally, or kinaesthetically. When you ask someone a question, you may have noticed their eyes move, using a skill trained in a nlp practitioner course we can determine which representational system a person is accessing by the way they move their eyes. In addition, people may move their bodies to indicate in which quadrant of their brain they are searching to locate information.

The Eye Accessing Cues are presented in what is called a Normally Organised pattern. This has nothing to do with being normal; it is merely terminology that indicates what you will find in the majority of the people you meet. Follow the chart below. For those who don’t, it is called Reverse Organised, a reversed cerebral organisation.  

There is no right or wrong way. There is only the way that your clients, customers or friends and family store information. There is some, but no proven correlation between right and left-handedness and normal and reverse organisation.

In order to determine whether a person is normally or reverse organised you ask them questions and watch which way their eyes move. In the case of working with clients in a therapeutic environment, you can begin immediately to determine their organisation through the questions you ask during the Client Profile or the Outcome Achievement Steps of the initial part of the interview.

Some individuals look through several or all the representational systems for the same piece of information.  When this is done, it is called a Transderivational Search.  Also some clients may have what I call a “look to talk” rule and will make minimal or no eye movement.",
Feedback,Feedback in NLP is the results of your actions to influence your next step.,
First Position,"First Position in NLP is one of the Perceptual Positions. First Position is when you are associated, looking through your own eyes, and in touch with only your own inner Model of the World.",
Fractionation,Fractonation in NLP is repeating the induction of trance which deepens trance.,
Frame,A Frame (or Framing) in NLP is the context or particular point of view around a specific experience.,
Future Pace,Future Pace in NLP is mentally rehearsing a future result so that the desired outcome automatically occurs.,
Generalisation,Generalisation in NLP is one of the three major processes (including Distortion and Deletion) on which the Meta Model is based. Generalisation occurs when one specific experience represents a whole class of experiences. Generalisation also occurs when one experience is generalised to the whole.,
Gestalt,Gestalt in NLP is a collection of memories around a certain topic.,
Gustatory,Gustatory in NLP is The Representational System dealing with taste.,
Hakalau,"The Hakalau (also called the learning state or periferal vision). 



This Hakalau comes from Hawaii, and is an incredible process to place yourself in a state where there are no negative emotions and you have complete awareness. 



We have taught this to sportsmen where there results climb incredibly just from using this technique alone. 



One of our Trainers,Adam used to play a lot of golf, and one day saw a guy who normally plays off stratch (level par) playing quite badly with his pitching and putting. 



Adam had a chat with him and the guy confirmed that his short game had been off for a while now and his game had slipped.



Adam showed him the process of Hakalau in about 5/6 minutes and how to use it in conjunction with his short game. 



The golfers short game suddenly improved back to the point it had been in the past!



We teach kids in schools the process and see their results move upwards to the amazement of the teachers. Their abiolity to concentrate, take information in and recall the information improves incredibly.



We teach this to martial arts teachers and students so they can perform perfectly with true form and without negative emotions blocking their skill. 



One of our students is a Master Practitioner of NLP and uses Hakalau when he trains as it gives him more flexibility and allows his information to flow naturally as he delivers material.



In the Hakalau (or learning state) there is only pure awareness, there’s no room for negative emotions or distractions. That means that whatever you are doing, you begin to do it 100%



Whether you are studying, giving a presentation, performing in any way or even driving a car, you now have the possibility of doing that task perfectly with no interruption from your normal semi or completely distracted mind. 



The Hakalau is one of the most powerful and easy to use techniques I have ever used; get into it now and see for yourself!","The Hakalau (also called the learning state or periferal vision). 



This Hakalau comes from Hawaii, and is an incredible process to place yourself in a state where there are no negative emotions and you have complete awareness."
Hallucination,Hallucination in NLP is a sensory experience of something that does not exist.,
Hypnotism,Hypnotism in NLP is a relaxed state induced in a person so change work can be done at the subconscious or unconscious level.,
Incongruence,"Incongruence in NLP is when the external, verifiable behaviour of a person does not match the words the person says.",
Inductive,"Inductive in acronym title = ""Neuro Linguistic Programming"" > NLP is drawing a general conclusion (abstract) from specific facts. Chunking up.",
Intent,Intent in NLP is the outcome of a behaviour.,
Internal Representations,"Internal Representations in NLP is the content of our thinking or the confirmation of information which includes Pictures, Sounds, Feelings, Tastes, Smells, and Self Talk.",
Kinaesthetic,Kinaesthetic in NLP is the Representational System dealing with feelings and sensations. It can be internal or external.,
Law of Dominant Effect,Law of Dominant Effect in NLP is when a suggestion is more effective when it is experienced simultaneously with a strong emotion.,
Law of Requisite Variety,"In NLP the Law of Requisite Variety in a given physical system, is that part of the system with the greatest flexibility of behaviour will control the system.",
Lead system,The Lead system in NLP is the Representational System used to access stored information and lead it from the Unconscious Mind to the Conscious Mind. Watching Eye Accessing Cues discovers the Lead System. We look where the eyes go when someone accesses information.,
Leading,Leading in NLP is changing your own behaviour with enough rapport so another person will follow.,
Limiting Belief,In NLP a Limiting Belief is a Belief or decisions we make about ourselves and/or our model of the world that limit the way we live.,
Limiting Decision,A Limiting Decision in NLP is The decision that preceded the adoption of a Limiting Belief.,
Logical Level,Logical Level in NLP is the level of specificity or abstraction. Think of logical levels as going up or down from Abstract at the top to Specific at the bottom.,
Mapping Across,Mapping Across in NLP is the Submodality process of actually changing the set of Submodalities of a certain Internal Representation to change its meaning.,
Meaning Reframe,"A Meaning Reframe in NLP is giving another meaning to a statement by recovering more content, which changes the focus. (Sometimes called a Content Reframe.)",
Meta,In NLP something is Meta to another if it is at a higher level.,
Meta Model,"In NLP the Meta Model is a model of language, derived from Virginia Satir that gives us an ""over"" view of language. It allows us to recognise deletions, generalisations and distortions in our language, and gives us questions to clarify imprecise language and gain specificity.",
Meta Position,The Meta Position in NLP is a location outside a situation enabling you to view the situation in a more objective way. A dissociated position not involved with the content of the event or the person. Very similar to Third Position.,
Meta Programs,"Meta Programs in NLP are unconscious, content-free programs we run which filter our experiences.",
Metaphor,A NLP Metaphor is a story which is symbolic and which allows us to bypass the conscious resistance of the client and to have the client make connections at a deeper level.,
Milton Model,"Language Patterns of Milton H. Erickson



In NLP The Milton Model is designed to produce trance or agreement. It is a series of abstract language patterns, which are ambiguous so the client takes there own meaning out of the communication based on there on experience. This can assist in accessing unconscious resources in us that are outside our conscious awareness.



The Milton Model has the opposite intent of the; Which is all about being specific and gaining an in depth understanding consciously.



More on the Milton Model & the language patterns of Milton Erickson 



There are reports that John Grinder and Richard Bandler worked with Milton Erickson in 1974 when he was widely regarded as the foremost practitioner of hypnotherapy.  He was the founding president of the American Society for Clinical Hypnosis and travelled extensively giving seminars and lectures as well as working in private practice.  He had a worldwide reputation as a sensitive and successful therapist and was famous for his acute observation of non-verbal behaviour.



Erickson used language in artfully vague ways so that his clients could take the meaning that was most appropriate for them.  He induced and utilised trance states, enabling individuals to overcome problems and discover their resources.  After studying the techniques of Milton Erickson, John and Richard wrote up the Milton Model in The Patterns of the Hypnotic Techniques of Milton H. Erickson, I & II.



Erickson’s work was based on a number of ideas shared by many successful therapists.  He respected the client’s unconscious mind.  He assumed there was a positive intention behind even the most bizarre behaviour, and that individuals make the best choices available to them at the time.  He worked to give them more choices.  He also assumed that at some level, individuals already have all the resources they need to make changes.



Milton Erickson was masterful at gaining rapport. He respected and accepted his client’s reality.  He assumed that resistance was due to lack of rapport.  To him, all responses were valid and could be used.  To Erickson, there were no resistant clients, only inflexible therapists. 



So the Milton Model is a way of constructing sentences that are artfully vague and deliberately ambiguous.  The client must fill in the details and actively search for the meaning of what they hear from their own experience.  In other words, the practitioner provides the context with as little content as possible.  You give them the frame and leave them to choose the picture to put in it.  When the client provides the content, this ensures they make the most relevant and immediate meaning from what you say.",
Mirroring,Mirroring in NLP is reflecting the behaviour or physiology of the client as if looking into a mirror.,
Mismatching,"Mismatching in NLP is using different patterns or contradictory responses regarding behaviour or words to interrupt communication. 



Sometimes in the training room it is noticed that some people automatically mismatch what other people are saying, sometimes even the trainers. so with NLP we teach people how to use this information on purpose you help the mismatcher learn easier.",
Modal Operators,"In NLP Modal Operator of Necessity relates to words, which form the rules in our lives (should, must, have to, etc.) Modal Operator of Possibility relates to words that denote that which is considered possible (can, cannot, etc.).",
Modalities,"Modality in NLP refers to our internal representations, which relate to the five senses (Visual, Auditory, Kinaesthetic, Olfactory, and Gustatory) plus our internal dialogue.",
Model,"In NLP a Model is a description of a concept or behaviour, which can be adopted easily.",
NLP,"Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP) is the study of excellence, which describes how the language of our mind produces our behaviour, and allows us to model excellence and to reproduce that excellent behaviour.",
Nominalization,A Nominalization in NLP is a noun describing a state of being which exists in name only. Not a tangible item. It can be a verb or another process word that has been formed into an abstract noun. In other words a process that has been turned into a solid ‘thing’.,
Olfactory,Olfactory in NLP is the representational system dealing with smell.,
Outcome Orientation,You have a specific outcome during the conversation; this called also be called intent.,
Overlapping Representational System,"The Overlapping Representational System in NLP is moving from the Preferred Representational System to another Representational System. For instance if someone is predominantly visual you would start off by talking in their language (see what you mean, it’s crystal clear etc.) then move across to other modalities (audio, tactile, AD) to provide the client with more flexibility or to show them something they are missing.",
Pacing,"Pacing in NLP is gaining and maintaining rapport with another person over a period of time by joining them in their model of the world by Matching or Mirroring their external behaviour; which could be speed of talking, or the body posture. Pacing a runner in a marathon could be looked at as the same thing.",
Parts,"In NLP Parts are a portion of the unconscious mind, often having conflicting beliefs and values that are different from the rest (whole) of the system.",
Parts Integration,"Parts Integration NLP is a technique, which allows us to integrate parts at the unconscious level by assisting each one to traverse logical levels by chunking up and to go beyond boundaries parts have created to find a higher level of intention and wholeness.",
Phobia,"A Phobia is a severe, associated, unwanted, irrational response of fear regarding some person or event in the past.",
Phonological Ambiguity,"Phonological Ambiguity occurs in NLP when there are two words which sound the same but have different meanings, like ‘hear’ ‘here’.",
Physiology of Excellence,Physiology of Excellence in NLP is modelling excellence in others and utilising it in yourself and others. Anything you can do I can model and also do!,
Post Hypnotic Suggestion,A Post Hypnotic Suggestion in NLP is a hypnotic suggestion that activates and operates at a time after the induction of trance (at a prescribed later date).,
Precision Model,The Precision Model in NLP is derived by John Grinder from the Meta Model as a series of five pointers to greater understanding.,
Predicates,"Predicates in NLP are words and phrases (primarily verbs, adverbs and adjectives) that often presuppose one of the Representational Systems.",
Preferred Rep System,"The Preferred Rep System in NLP is the representational system that someone most often uses to think, and to organise his or her experiences. This is the representational system that we commonly and most easily employ. Detected by predicates and body language.",
Quantum,"Quantum in NLP terms is the field where logic and calculations end and a matrix of possibilities occur instead! 

In quantum physics, Niels Bohr - did the famous experiment 'observing' atoms and came to some astounding conclusions that rocked science and philoshophy. 



He was born Oct. 7, 1885, Copenhagen, Den. d. Nov. 18, 1962, Copenhagen; and was a physicist who was the first to apply the quantum theory, which restricts the energy of a system to certain discrete values, to the problem of atomic and molecular structure. For this work he received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1922. He developed the so-called 'Bohr theory of the atom and liquid model of the atomic nucleus.' 



That's all well and good in techy speak, but what he really discovered is that there has never been an unobserved atom and that you only see the end result of one; which has been proved to react to the observer!



In philosophical terms this meant that the observer will always have an effect on the experiment. 



How is this usefull? 



Well, if your observations about your life actually change your life then what you perceive is what you will be creating as well. 



All problems are observations! This makes it a lot easier to deal with problems if you know they have been observed into reality. 



In Bohrs experiement he measured light for being a particle or wave. He found the light would either act as a particle OR a wave depending on his experiment! 



Back to the drawing board for the scientists as they were just about to shut the door on science and say they could calculate everything.



Roll on the era of the quantum!",Quantum in NLP terms is the field where logic and calculations end and a matrix of possibilities are instead!
Quotes,Quotes in NLP is a Linguistic Pattern in which your message is expressed as if by someone else.,
Rapport,"Have you ever met someone and after 10 minutes of talking felt like you have known the person forever? Are there people you just naturally feel comfortable with and other with who you don’t seem to be able to hit it off? The main difference between these two is called rapport: with the first group you have naturally, with second, well, not at all. Rapport is a feeling of being “in-sync” with someone else, to be on the same wavelength and consequently to really understand and appreciate someone else and their opinions. 



When you look at communication, we are taught to think that the most important are the words we say. Yet, the words, all in all, only form about 7% of the total communication between two people. That’s not really that much, is it? Roughly 38% are determined by how we say the words (voice qualities), and an astounding 55% by non-verbal communication or body language. That means, it is not only important what you say, but how and with what gestures. 



We need rapport for unconsciously making the other person believe that you two are alike, it massively increases response potential. As a consequence, it will be easier for you to lead the other person to your point of view. 



So, how you create it? Well, somewhere in the 1980s body language books were preaching the concept of mirroring, where you simply mirror all the gestures somebody does. While this is one possibility, there is a high chance this will be quite obvious, and as a result will make you look slightly strange, and the other person will feel quite uncomfortable.



Hence, what to do? As it goes, there are a few sneaky things you can do: 

Matching the other person – matching means that you do what the other person does. So, if he puts his right leg over his left, you do too. This is already more subtle than mirroring, where you act like a mirror to the other person 



Cross over matching – you take one aspect and match it with another of yours. For example, they cross their legs, you cross your arms. How sneaky is that? 



Of course, even matching and cross over matching might be noticed, if you only do it based on their physiology. So, if you want to be really sneaky, you can take it to a whole new level: match voice tonality, tempo, volume, breathing patterns, blinking rates, etc.","In NLP terms, the ability to gain trust with anther person quickly through the use of  body and tone of voice."
Reference System,The Reference System in NLP is the base against what we calibrate. How we organise information so that we know what we know.,
Referential Index Shift,"The Referential Index Shift in NLP is finding someone else who has a way of thinking or a resource you wish to model (their Reference System), entering their model of the world and noting from their perspective and in all modalities the process and results of their thinking and/or action. Also making a change in the referential index (subject) of a sentence to create overload at the conscious level.",
Reframing,"Reframing in NLP is the process of making a shift in the nature of a problem or changing the structure or context of a statement to give it another meaning. 

There is nothing you can not reframe as all meaning is context dependant.",
Representational Systems,"In NLP the senses through which we experience the world are referred to as representational systems. Hence, you have several different systems working for you: visual (for things you see), auditory (for things you hear), kinaesthetic (things you feel or tactile sensations), AD or self talk (also called labelling system), olfactory (things you smell), and gustatory (things you taste). 



Neuro Linguistic Programming says that we all have a system that we prefer to another and hence, process most information through it. This is of course a generalisation, yet it will give you a clue as to what might be going on right! This preferred system can be determined through physiology and predicates used in a conversation. Let’s look at an example:



-The way I look at this is that it is still rather unclear.

-I really don’t feel comfortable with this. 

-This really doesn’t sound right to me. 

So, any guesses as to which are the preferred systems of the examples above? Knowing the preferred representational system of someone is useful in virtually any context. Imagine you go to Spain and communicate in English.

Chances are, the general gist of what you want to say will get across (hopefully!), yet the finer distinctions of what you are saying are lost. It is the same with representational systems. If you present information in somebody else’s preferred system, this information will be virtually irresistible to them! 

Now, apart from words, the physiology can give you indications of what the preferred system is. In general, visual people will tend to speak very fast, move their hands on shoulder or head level, sit bolt upright and give big importance to their visual appearance. Auditory people will tend to breath from the middle of their chest, get easily distracted by noise, are medium to fast talkers, and gestures are usually on chest level.

Kinaesthetic people will tend to talk quite slow, have low breathing from the belly, stand quite close to whoever they are talking to, and have low and smooth gestures. You could fall into the trap of generalising here, but beware of trying to label people as one or another, we are a mix of each. The best target is to hone each of yours to the best of your ability

Apart from the preferred, we also have a primary or lead representational system. The lead system determines how we store information and how we access it. This system can be determined through eye accessing cues. The primary system is the one we prefer to show our internal world through. Primary noticed through predicates and body language.",
Resourceful State,"A Resourceful State in NLP refers to any state where a person has positive, helpful emotions and strategies available to him or her, and is operating from them behaviourally. Obviously the state implies a successful outcome.",
Resources,"In NLP Resources are the means to create change within oneself or to accomplish an outcome. Resources may include certain states, adopting specific physiology, new strategies, beliefs, values or attitudes, even specific behaviour.",
Search Anchor,A Search Anchor in NLP is an anchor used to identify the source of a problem or issue.,
Second Position,"Second Position in NLP Relates to a Perceptual Position: Second Position describes our point of view in a specific situation. Second Position 

is usually someone else’s point of view.",
Secondary Gain,When there is more value in having the problem than the solution!,
Self Edit,To Self Edit NLP is accessing your personal resources & making a change.,
Self Inventory,Self Inventory in NLP is a Sensory Based internal scan.,
State,"A NLP State Relates to our internal emotional condition. In NLP we believe that the state determines our results, and so we are careful to be in states of excellence. In NLP, our Internal Representations, plus our State, and our physiology results in our Behaviour.",
Submodalities,"Submodalities in NLP are fine distinctions or the subsets of the Modalities V, A, K, O, G, and Ad) that are part of each representational system that encode and give meaning to our experiences.

They are the building blocks of the representational systems by which we code, order and give meaning to the experiences we have. Submodalities are how we structure our experiences.



How do you know what you believe and what you do not believe? You code the two different kinds of beliefs in different submodalities. We create meaning by using different submodalities to code our experience, for example someone we like and someone we dislike.



Changing submodalities is a very effective and powerful way of changing the meaning of an experience. When we set a goal, for example, the more attention we pay to the submodalities, the more specifically refined it becomes. The finer our distinctions, the more clearly and creatively we can design our future.",
Surface Structure,The blurb that usually belies what is really true underneath.,
Synaesthesia,"Presumably, you have read about eye accessing cues or know something about it. If not, go read the article now. Good. So, as you know, eye accessing cues can give you an indication as to the lead representational system, as well as giving you information whether the person is normally or reverse organized. Eye accessing can also give you information about synaesthesias. Aren’t eyes just wonderful?! 



Synaesthesias are overlaps in representational systems. This means, that not only one, but two representational systems are fired off simultaneously. More than being an impressive fact, this is quite important when dealing with phobias or people’s strategies.



So, as always, let’s look at an example:

•	You see a mouse and immediately jump on a chair 

•	You hear your loved one and suddenly feel great 

•	You see your old high school teacher and immediately reach for a baseball bat 

What all these examples have in common that the feelings are triggered simultaneously to the picture or sound. Hence, there is no choice in the reaction, it just kind of happens. While in some contexts this might be quite desirable (feeling good with your loved ones), in some others this then imposes a limitation on us by giving us negative feelings. 

Since you are very clever, you already know the direct application of this: Phobias. Indeed, a phobia is nothing more than a synaesthesia-gone wild and living a happy life of its own under a palm tree. The response to a visual input is immediate, so much so that the poor phobic person has no chance. In some instances, this leads to people not leaving their house anymore! 

In the strategies that we have devised for our daily life, synaesthesias also play an important role. Many times, the crucial point that determines whether the strategy is successful or not, is a synaesthesia. 

So, for therapeutic interventions finding the synaesthesia is very important. In the case of a phobia, once you know what the synaesthesia is, you can easily change it. Try it for yourself, and find what image or sound immediately triggers feelings for you. Have fun hunting your own synaesthesias",
Third Position,"Third Position in NLP relates to a Perceptual Positions. Third Position, or Meta Position, is the point of view of a dissociated observer, an over view.",
Through Time,In NLP through Time people will store their memories left to right or right to left or in any other way so that all time is in front of them. Time is continuous and uninterrupted.,
Time Code,"Time Code in NLP is the way we store our memories into the Past, Present and Future.",
Trance,"Trance in NLP is any altered state. In hypnosis it is usually characterised by inward, one-pointed focus.",
Transderivational Search,Transderivational Search in NLP is a part of Eye Accessing Cues. Looking through several or all of the Representational Systems for the same piece of information.,
Trigger,A Trigger in NLP is the external event or internal belief that starts a behaviour or response.,
Unconscious,"Unconscious in NLP is that of which you are not conscious, or which is out of conscious awareness.",
Unconscious Mind,The Unconscious Mind in NLP is the part of your mind that you are not conscious of.,
Universal,In NLP Universal is an experience that is so well known that it is assumed.,
Universal Quantifiers,"Universal Quantifiers in NLP are words that are universal generalisations and have no referential index. Includes words such as ""all"", ""every"", and ""never"".",
Uptime,"Where your awareness is outside, aware and not inside.",
Values,Values in NLP are high-level Generalisations that describe that which is important to you. In NLP sometimes called criteria.,
Visual,Visual in NLP is the Representational System dealing with the sense of sight. It can be internal or external.,
Visual Squash,"Visual Squash in NLP is a technique that allows us to integrate parts at the unconscious level.



This is done by assisting each one to traverse logical levels (by chunking up) and to go beyond the boundaries of each to find a higher level of wholeness. Now called Parts Integration.",
Well Formedness Conditions,"In NLP the Well Formedness Conditions allow us to specify outcomes that are more achievable, because the language conforms to certain rules.",